Published on Apr 02, 2024
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Automatic Solar Tracker
Introduction
==> The aim is to design the system, which will automatically track the sun’s position and accordingly change the direction of the solar panel to get the maximum output from the solar cell.
==> Along with this we are going to make a solar monitoring system using GSM and GPS module.
==> To implement a solar tracking system which will automatically track sun’s position to increase the efficiency of solar system.
==> The GSM facility is provided within the system which helps the user to monitor the system from anywhere in the world.
Voltage Regulator 7805
==> We need the regulated 5 V output for the most of the IC’s used in our system. Now the output of bridge rectifier is unregulated DC.
==> To get 5V regulated DC output from it we have used regulator IC 7805.
==> The 7805 is designed with adequate heat sinking and can deliver output currents in excess of 1A.
==> It has internal thermal overload protection and internal short circuit current limiting.
MAX 232 (DS 14C232)
==> The DS14C232 is a low power dual driver/receiver featuring an onboard DC to DC converter.
==> ICC is specified at 3.0 mA maximum, making the device ideal for battery and power conscious applications.
==> The driver’s slew rate is set internally and the receivers feature internal noise filtering, eliminating the need for external slew rate and filter capacitors.
==> The device is designed to interface data terminal equipment (DTE) with data circuit-terminating equipment
Need Of A Solar Tracker
==> Solar cells have many applications.
==> Individual cells are used for powering small devices such as electronic calculators.
==> Photovoltaic arrays generate a form of renewable electricity, particularly useful in situations where electrical power from the grid is unavailable such as in remote area power systems, Earth-orbiting satellites and space probes, remote radiotelephones and water pumping applications.
==> Solar Energy has been the power supply of choice for Industrial applications, where power is required at remote locations
Block Diagrams
==> Figure
Solar Cell
==> A solar cell, sometimes called a photovoltaic cell, is a device that converts light energy into electrical energy.
==> When the sun rays fall on the solar cell in some particular direction then only we get maximum output .
==> The output of solar cells depends on the intensity of sunlight and the angle of incidence.
==> Hence the solar cells are rotated in the direction of sun’s position where we get maximum efficiency
==> The solar cell captures the sun’s rays and gives the analog output to the ADC
Figure
==> Solar Cell
Solar Tracking System Working
==> The PIC controller receives analog input from panel.
==> The maximum voltage which can be obtained from solar cell is set as reference voltage in micro controller.
==> The Panel output voltage and current is compared with the reference voltage and current accordingly controller gives signal to the stepper motor.
==> If the output of ADC is equal to the reference voltage then stepper motor keeps the solar panel in same direction.
Conclusion
==> In the present system, solar panels used are stationary which gives less output and hence decrease the efficiency.
==> The operator interference is minimal since the system is automated this increases efficiency of the stationary solar system.
==> There is a lot of hard work involved in developing such a project. Through years of experience the project will get better.
==> Each project will get better than previous one as practice can make us perfect
References
==> www.seminarsonly.com
==> mail : contactv2@gmail.com
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