Motivational
Interviewing |
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Motivational
interviewing refers to a counseling approach developed by clinical psychologists
Professor William R Miller, Ph.D. and Professor Stephen Rollnick Ph.D.
It recognizes and accepts the fact clients who need to make changes in their lives
approach counseling at different levels of readiness to change their behavior.
If the counseling is mandated, they may never have thought of changing the behavior
in question. Some may have thought
about it but not taken steps to change it. Others, especially those voluntarily
seeking counseling, may be actively trying to change their behavior and may have
been doing so unsuccessful for years.
Motivational interviewing is non-judgmental and non-confrontational. The strategy
attempts to increase clients' awareness of the potential problems caused, consequences
experienced, and risks faced as a result of the behavior in question by means
of presenting objective feedback.
The
feedback is used to help clients recognize the discrepancies between their goals,
where they are in relation to those goals, and how their behavior or actions are
impeding the achievement of their goals. The strategy seeks to help clients think
differently about their behavior and ultimately to consider what might be gained
through change. When done with individuals,
a person receives personalized feedback about the behavior. In groups (e.g., an
entire fraternity or sorority), feedback can be given based on data collected
from group members prior to a program. Some researchers have used mailed feedback
after collecting data on a questionnaire such that no face-to-face interaction
actually occurs.
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