Setting
up a LAN using Linux
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Linux
is increasingly popular in the computer networking/telecommunications
industry. Acquiring the Linux operating system is a relatively simple
and inexpensive task since virtually all of the source code can
be downloaded from several different FTP or HTTP sites on the Internet.
This seminar
describes how to put together a Local Area Network (LAN) consisting
of two or more computers using the Red Hat Linux 6.2 operating system.
A LAN is a communications network that interconnects a variety of
devices and provides a means for exchanging information among those
devices. The size and scope of a LAN is usually small, covering
a single building or group of buildings. In a LAN, modems and phone
lines are not required, and the computers should be close enough
to run a network cable between them.
For each computer
that will participate in the LAN, you'll need a network interface
card (NIC) to which the network cable will be attached. We will
also need to assign a unique hostname and IP address to each computer
in the LAN.
INTRODUCTION
TO TCP/IP
2.1. INTRODUCTION
TCP/IP is the
suite of protocols used by the Internet and most LANs throughout
the world. In TCP/IP, every host (computer or other communications
device) that is connected to the network has a unique IP address.
An IP address is composed of four octets (numbers in the range of
0 to 255) separated by decimal points. The IP address is used to
uniquely identify a host or computer on the LAN. For example, a
computer with the hostname Morpheus could have an IP address of
192.168.7.127. we should avoid giving two or more computers the
same IP address by using the range of IP addresses that are reserved
for private, local area networks; this range of IP addresses usually
begins with the octets 192.168.
2.2 LAN NETWORK
ADDRESS
The first three
octets of an IP address should be the same for all computers in
the LAN. For example, if a total of 128 hosts exist in a single
LAN, the IP addresses could be assigned starting with 192.168.1.x,
where x represents a number in the range of 1 to 128. we could create
consecutive LANs within the same company in a similar manner consisting
of up to another 128 computers. Of course, you are not limited to
128 computers, as there are other ranges of IP addresses that allow
you to build even larger networks.
There are different
classes of networks that determine the size and total possible unique
IP addresses of any given LAN. For example, a class A LAN can have
over 16 million unique IP addresses. A class B LAN can have over
65,000 unique IP addresses. The size of your LAN depends on which
reserved address range you use and the subnet mask associated with
that range
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