Published on Apr 02, 2024
If you're in the market for new tyres, all of the variables in tyre specifications and the confusing jargon you might hear from tyre salesmen or "experts" might make your purchase rather stressful. Or maybe you just want to fully understand the tyres you already have, the concepts at work, the significance of all of those sidewall markings. What does all this stuff mean in regular terms?
In this article, we will explore how tyres are built and see what's in a tyre. We'll find out what all the numbers and markings on the sidewall of a tyre mean, and we'll decipher some of that tyre jargon. By the end of this article, you'll understand how a tyre supports your car, and you'll know why heat can build up in your tyres, especially if the pressure is low. You'll also be able to adjust your tyre pressure correctly and diagnose some common tyre problems.
The mode of transport is one of the most important criterions these days. The vehicles safety is thus essential. Accidents are also increasing at a quick pace. There are several factors which causes these accidents. The improper inflation of tyres is one among them. Tyres lose air through normal driving (especially after hitting pot holes or curbs), permeation and seasonal changes in temperature. When tyres are under inflated, the tread wears more quickly. Under inflated tyres get damaged quickly due to overheating as compared to properly inflated tyres. The under inflation also causes a small depreciation in the mileage as well. Above all the vehicles running with under inflated tyres can cause accidents.
Thus to rectify all these defects we are using self inflating systems. The pressure monitoring systems in such systems helps in monitoring the tyre pressure constantly. The system which contains sensors feed the information to a display panel which the driver can operate manually. The electronic unit controls all the information. The source of air is taken from the vehicles air braking system or from the pneumatic systems. Thus it helps in re-inflation of the tyres to proper pressure conditions.
As illustrated below, a tyre is made up of several different components.
The bead is a loop of high-strength steel cable coated with rubber. It gives the tyre the strength it needs to stay seated on the wheel rim and to handle the forces applied by tyre mounting machines when the tyres are installed on rims.
The body is made up of several layers of different fabrics, called plies. The most common ply fabric is polyester cord. The cords in a radial tyre run perpendicular to the tread. Some older tyres used diagonal bias tyres, tyres in which the fabric ran at an angle to the tread. The plies are coated with rubber to help them bond with the other components and to seal in the air. A tyre's strength is often described by the number of plies it has. Most car tyres have two body plies. By comparison, large commercial jetliners often have tyres with 30 or more plies.
Underinflation can cause tyres to wear more on the outside than the inside. It also causes reduced fuel efficiency and increased heat buildup in the tyres. It is important to check the tyre pressure with a guage at least once a month. so it is essential to have a tyre pressure monitoring system in our vehicles.
The funny spherical thing on the left end of the gauge is hollow. The opening in the sphere is designed to engage a tyre's valve stem. If you look in the opening, you will be able to see a rubber seal and a small fixed pin. The rubber seal presses against the lip of the valve stem to prevent air from leaking during the measurement, and the pin depresses the valve pin in the valve stem to let air flow into the gauge.
The air will flow around the pin, through the hollow passage inside the sphere and into the piston chamber. When the pressure gauge is applied to the valve stem of a tyre, the pressurized air from the tyre rushes in and pushes the piston toward the right. The distance the piston travels is relative to the pressure in the tyre. The pressurized air is pushing the piston to the right, and the spring is pushing back. The gauge is designed to have some maximum pressure, and for the sake of example let's say it is 60 psi. The spring has been calibrated so that 60-psi air will move the piston to the far-right of the tube, while 30 psi moves the piston half-way along the tube, and so on.
The spring is not shown in this figure, but the calibrated rod fits inside the spring. The calibrated rod rides on top of the piston, but the rod and the piston are not connected and there is a fairly tight fit between the rod and the stop. When the piston moves to the right, it pushes the calibrated rod. When the pressure is released, the piston moves back to the left but the rod stays in its maximum position to allow you to read the pressure.
Thus self inflating tyres help us in attaining certain helpful criterions.
1. It helps in the monitoring of tyre pressure constantly
2. Thus it provides inflation or deflation of the tyre
3. It helps in attaining better mileage
4. It also helps in providing comfortable driving.
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