Mobility Management Approaches for Mobile IP Networks

Published on Nov 30, 2023

Abstract

In wireless networks, efficient management of mobility is a crucial issue to support mobile users. The Mobile Internet Protocol (MIP) has been proposed to support global mobility in IP networks. Several mobility management strategies have been proposed which aim reducing the signaling traffic related to the Mobile Terminals (MTs) registration with the Home Agents (HAs) whenever their Care-of-Addresses (CoAs) change.

They use different Foreign Agents (FAs) and Gateway FAs (GFAs) hierarchies to concentrate the registration processes. For high-mobility MTs, the Hierarchical MIP (HMIP) and Dynamic HMIP (DHMIP) strategies localize the registration in FAs and GFAs, yielding to high-mobility signaling. The Multicast HMIP strategy limits the registration processes in the GFAs.

For high-mobility MTs, it provides lowest mobility signaling delay compared to the HMIP and DHMIP approaches. However, it is resource consuming strategy unless for frequent MT mobility.

Hence, we propose an analytic model to evaluate the mean signaling delay and the mean bandwidth per call according to the type of MT mobility. In our analysis, the MHMIP outperforms the DHMIP and MIP strategies in almost all the studied cases. The main contribution of this paper is the analytic model that allows the mobility management approaches performance evaluation.

MIP :-

In the MIP protocol, mobile terminals that can change their points of attachment in different subnets are called mobile hosts (MHs). An MH has a permanent address (home address) registered in its home network and this IP address remains unchanged when the user moves from subnet to subnet. This address is used for identification and routing purpose, which is stored in a home agent (HA).

An HA is a router in a mobile node's home network, which can intercept and tunnel the packets for the mobile node and also maintains the current location information for the mobile node. If an MH roams to a sub network other than the home network, this sub network is a foreign network for that user. In the current MIP protocol, the MH can obtain a new IP address from a router [foreign agent

(FA)] in the visited network or through some external means. An MH needs to register with the FA or some one-hop router for the routing purpose. The care-of-address (CoA) for the MH will change from subnet to subnet. In order to maintain continuous services while the user is on the move, MIP requires the MH to update its location to it's HA whenever it moves to a new subnet so that the HA can intercept the packets delivered to it and tunnel the packets to the user's current point of attachment